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Objective:To investigate the clinical value of ankle-brachial index (ABI) in evaluating vascular cognitive dysfunction (VCI) in the elderly.Methods:According to the mini mental state examination (MMSE) and Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA), 200 elderly inpatients from May 2016 to February 2018 in our hospital were selected. MoCA scale was used to evaluate the cognitive function of the patients. The patients were divided into cognitive dysfunction group ( n=110) and cognitive normal group ( n=90). The clinical data of the two groups were analyzed and compared. The correlation between ABI and MMSE, MOCA and clinical indicators was observed. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of ABI value to the predictive value of VCI in the elderly was drawn. Results:⑴ There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of gender, the first fasting blood glucose value in hospital and the situation of diabetes, hypertension and hyperlipidemia ( P>0.05); there was significant difference in age, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level, history of small cerebral vessels and ABI between the two groups ( P<0.05). ⑵ Logistic regression analysis showed that ABI was the related factor of VCI in the elderly ( P<0.01). ⑶ Pearson correlation analysis showed that MMSE score was positively correlated with ABI ( r=0.887, P<0.01), MOCA score was positively correlated with ABI ( r=0.843, P<0.01). ⑷ The area under ROC curve of ABI prediction value for VCI in the elderly was (0.965±0.01) [95% CI (0.945, 0.985), P<0.01]. When ABI ≤0.9, the sensitivity and specificity were 88.2%, 91.1% respectively; the accuracy and the yordan index were 89.5% and 0.793. Conclusions:⑴ ABI is an influencing factor of VCI in the elderly and is positively correlated with the severity of cognitive impairment in patients. ⑵ ABI has a high predictive value for VCI of the elderly, and ABI≤0.9 can be used as an early warning factor for VCI of the elderly.
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OBJECTIVE: To explore the correlation between endothelial microparticles(EMPs) and subacute 1,2-dichloroethane(1,2-DCE) toxic encephalopathy. METHODS: A total of 24 patients with subacute 1,2-DCE toxic encephalopathy were selected as the case group, and 24 healthy individuals were selected as the control group using a convenient sampling method. Blood plasma was collected from the fasting venous blood of patients in these two groups, and the level of EMPs in the plasma was detected by flow cytometry. RESULTS: The levels of plasma EMPs of patients in the control group and the case group were(692.0±174.4) ×10~3/L and(839.8±155.8) ×10~3/L respectively. The levels of plasma EMPs in patients with mild, moderate and severe case subgroups were(691.6±101.9) ×10~3/L,(900.6±46.6) ×10~3/L and(1 026.8±69.8)×10~3/L respectively. The EMPs level of patients in the case group was higher than that of the control group(P<0.01). The level of EMPs in the moderate and severe case subgroups was higher than that of the control group and mild case subgroup(P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Endothelial injury was found in patients with subacute 1,2-DCE toxic encephalopathy and endothelial injury is related to the severity of poisoning.
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Objective To survey on satisfaction degree of preventive medicine undergraduates on tutorial system and to improve the effects of tutorial system.Methods Totally 73 students of preventive medicine,who would graduate in 2012,were asked to fill the questionnaires by themselves.Main contents of questionnaires include effects,satisfaction score,expectations and reality benefits,requirements for the tutors and problems of the tutorial system.Chi-square was used to test the differences between expectations and reality benefits and the significance level was set as P ＜ 0.05.Results More than half of the students thought that the effect of tutorial system was general while 43.8％students thought good and excellent.Percentages of satisfaction score over 50,over 80 and over 90 were 75.3％,41.1％ and 12.3％,respectively.Statistical analysis shown that the real benefits from research activities were more than expectation (P ＜ 0.001),while the real benefits from tutor's academic encouragement,job guidance and life values were lower than expectation (P =0.026,P =0.003,P =0.010).Students expected to have more opportunities with the professors in the future.However,there were 17.8％ students hardly attended the activities of tutorial system,in which lack of understanding of tutorial system was the main reason and without enough time was another reason.Conclusions Students basically satisfies with tutorial system and the satisfaction degree needs to be improved.Roles of tutorial system should be fully strengthened by the management department,tutors and students.
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AIM: To study the neuroprotective effect and possible mechanism of ganglioside GM1 on neonatal rats with hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). METHODS: A rat model of neonatal HIE was established, then the pathological changes and expressions of glutamate and EAAC1 glutamate transporter in the brain tissues were investigated in different periods after hypoxia ischemia (HI) and the subsequent changes of the above results after GM1 administrated were studied too. RESULTS: The damages of the brain by exposed to HI were alleviated remarkably after GM1 administrated. The levels of glutamate neuron expressions in the brain tissue decreased after HI but EAAC1 increased. GM1 could partly prevent glutamate neuron reduction induced by HI and increase EAAC1 expression. CONCLUSION: GM1 may have some protective effects on glutamate neuron in neonatal HIE, and the possible mechanism is related to the partial increasing of EAAC1 expression.
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AIM: To study the neuroprotective effect and possible mechanism of ganglioside GM 1 on neonatal hypoxic-ischemic-encephalopathy(HIE). METHODS: A rat model of neonatal HIE was established, then the pathological changes and expressions of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in the brain tissues were investigated in different periods after hypoxia-ischemia (HI) and the subseqent changes of the above results after GM 1 administrated. RESULTS: The damage of the brain exposed to HI were alleviated significantly after GM 1 administrated. The levels of NOS expressions in the brain tissue increased after HI. GM 1 could inhibit NOS expressions induced by HI. CONCLUSION: GM 1 may have some protective effects on neonatal HIE, and the possible mechanism is related to the partial inhibition of NOS expression.